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15.1 Effect Measures & Pooling

Intermediate · 6 articles · MODULE 15: EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS & GRADE ⭐ NEW

Study Designs & the Evidence Hierarchy

Tutorial · Intermediate · 22 min

Not all evidence is equal. Sort study designs into a pyramid: at the top, systematic reviews / meta-analyses that pool many studies; below them, the RCT (randomize p…

Study designs2×2

By: Anacodic Team

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2×2 Tables & Effect Measures (OR, RR, RD, NNT, HR)

Tutorial · Intermediate · 22 min

Almost every clinical comparison starts as a 2×2 table: treatment vs control, event vs no-event, cells a, b, c, d.

Study designs2×2

Includes Colab notebook

By: Anacodic Team

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Meta-Analysis: Pooling Studies (Fixed vs Random Effects)

Tutorial · Intermediate · 20 min

A meta-analysis combines many studies into one estimate so you borrow strength from all of them instead of trusting a single trial.

Study designs2×2

Includes Colab notebook

By: Anacodic Team

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Heterogeneity & Forest Plots

Tutorial · Intermediate · 22 min

Heterogeneity is how much the true effect really varies across the studies you pooled — disagreement beyond what sampling noise alone would produce.

Study designs2×2

Includes Colab notebook

By: Anacodic Team

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PICO: Turning a Vague Question into an Answerable One

Tutorial · Intermediate · 13 min

Before searching or synthesizing, turn a vague mandate into a structured, answerable question — Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome — which also yields the search strategy and a prioritized outcome list.

Systematic reviewScoping

By: Anacodic Team

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Study Screening & Selection: Dual Reviewers, PRISMA, and Kappa

Tutorial · Intermediate · 13 min

Narrowing a broad search to the studies you'll appraise, reproducibly: two independent reviewers, disagreements reconciled, agreement measured with Cohen's kappa, and the funnel reported as a PRISMA flow diagram.

Systematic reviewScreening

By: Anacodic Team

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